Less Sugar by Default: A Nudge Methodology to Reduce Sugar Consumption in a Coffee Bar

The present study aimed to reduce the sugar intake among the customers who purchased coffee in a coffee shop inside a gym in Catania, Italy. We hypothesised that people would frame their choice about the amount of sugar to put in their coffee in units (number of packets) and not in amount (grams). Thus, we expected a significant decrease in sugar intake among the customers in the experimental phase. The customers of the coffee shop were observed for two weeks (N=213) and just the data about those who put sugar in their coffee were analysed (N=96). During both the first (control phase) and the second week (experimental phase), sugar consumption was measured. During the experimental phase, however, the packets originally used in the coffee shop (7.5g) were replaced with packets that contain less sugar (4g). Results supported the hypothesis, showing a significant reduction in the sugar consumption during the second week.

Have a look on this article to Reduce Sugar Consumption in a Coffee Bar
https://medwinpublishers.com/EOIJ/EOIJ16000203.pdf

Effects on the Tactile Affections of Touch Behavior and Product Material

This study examines the degree of influence specific tactile properties have by investigating user behavior when the epidermal skin layer comes into contact with various tactile samples. Although there have been various studies on user sensitivity for consumer products, there has not been an in-depth examination of tactile stimulus on users particularly in utilizing a measurement system to evaluate specific tactile properties and how this influences the user. This study observed how the user perceived the concept of roughness and how this perception changed as tactile properties were altered. There was an analysis of variance for subjective roughness of 6 different types of tactile material contacted by 3 touch behaviors (press, rub and grasp). There was significant difference between the subjective roughness according to different tactile material and touch behavior. However, there was no significant difference between the luxuriousness according to the types of tactile material and touch behaviors. Post-hoc analysis results for the different tactile material indicated that subjective roughness was judged differently according to the increase of roughness properties. In addition, subjects could not accurately judge the difference when the size of the tactile material was small even if subjective roughness was high. Post-hoc analysis results of the touch behavior indicated that feeling friction allowed users to easily distinguish pressure, but pressing made users not feel roughness well. This study suggests a tactile guideline for measuring roughness through certain design parameters.

Here is an article on ''Tactile Affections", the following is the connection to see this original copy
https://medwinpublishers.com/EOIJ/EOIJ16000202.pdf

Development and Ergonomic Evaluation of a Coconut Palm Climbing Device

Harvesting of coconut is very difficult and tedious work due to non-branched structure of the coconut palm. Only skilled persons can do this work. In Gujarat coconut palm growers are completely depend on the trained climbers who climb up unsafely without using any equipment. To resolve this, a sitting type coconut palm climbing device was developed at Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh. It has two units such as the upper unit that provides seating facility to the operator and the lower unit that is actuated by legs. The device was designed as per the anthropometric dimensions of the climbers of Saurashtra region. The main components of the device were approach section, junction, seat support pipe, base pipe, seat, telescopic pipe, metal rope, and gripping face plate. Total weight of the device was 4.5 kg. The device was able to sustain the external load up to 160kg. For field testing and ergonomic evaluation, independent variables such as operator (O1, O2, and O3) and height of coconut palm (7,9 and 11 m) were selected. Operator O3 with developed device achieved the highest ascending speed (26.60 cm /s) and descending speed (27.16 cm /s). The highest climbing capacity with developed device was found to be 13palm/h with operator O3. Increase in heart rate (21.82%) and body temperature (1.03%) were found lowest with the combination of operator O3 at 7 m height of coconut palm.

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https://medwinpublishers.com/EOIJ/EOIJ16000201.pdf

Workload Analysis and Ergonomic Design of Nursing Tasks when Caring for Chronically Sick Patients

Nurses in the hospital and home are usually exposed to high psycho-physical stress. In this review, we address lumbar spine hazards that result from the use of forced posture, lifting and carrying, or the use of force to transfer patients. Our remarks refer to transfer procedures to patients in persistent vegetative state , to patients with paraplegia and to patients after transplantation. It is therefore in all cases to care for the most vulnerable. Based on video studies, body posture analyzes and biomechanical calculations, transfers to two hospital wards with a total of 71 patients were examined. More than half of the nurses make four transfers per shift or more. The transfers are made alone or in pairs. Partly they work according to kinesthetic principles. Aids, such as lifters, sliding mats, roll boards, etc. are only used occasionally. The compression forces at L4 / L5 calculated using the 3DSSPP University of Michigan software ranged from 2810 N to 6279 N, well above the recommended limits (not only) for women. Multi-moment posture analyzes in a 509 case study focused on standing-stooped and standing-strongly stooped postures, which in many cases were coupled with lateral upper body tilt, upper body torsion, and work in the arm's reach margins.

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https://medwinpublishers.com/EOIJ/EOIJ16000200.pdf

Failure-Oriented-Accelerated-Testing and its Possible Application in Ergonomics

Failure-oriented-accelerated-testing (FOAT) has been suggested as part of the probabilistic-design-forreliability (PDfR) concept several years ago in application to microelectronics reliability assurance. It has been argued that when reliability of a material or a device is critical, it has to be quantified to be assured, and, because nothing is perfect, such a quantification should be done on the probabilistic basis.

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https://medwinpublishers.com/EOIJ/EOIJ16000199.pdf